Unique colour list

This is a curated list of single-word named colours with fixed hex values and approximate dates of first recorded use.

The list is intentionally limited, historically grounded, and opinionated.

List of colours

Search colours by name or hex code:

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Air force blue

#6ba4b8 from 1920

RGB 107, 164, 184 HSL 195.6°, 17.78%, 57.06%
Alabaster

#f2f0e6 from 1594

RGB 242, 240, 230 HSL 50.0°, 2.41%, 92.55%
Amaranth

#e52b50 from 1690

RGB 229, 43, 80 HSL 348.1°, 57.41%, 53.33%
Amber

#ffbf00 from 1500

RGB 255, 191, 0 HSL 44.9°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Amethyst

#9966cc from 1572

RGB 153, 102, 204 HSL 270.0°, 25.00%, 60.00%
Apricot

#ffb27f from 1851

RGB 255, 178, 127 HSL 23.9°, 33.51%, 74.90%
Aqua

#08f0da from 1598

RGB 8, 240, 218 HSL 174.3°, 93.55%, 48.63%
Aquamarine

#66f1c2 from 1598

RGB 102, 241, 194 HSL 159.7°, 37.47%, 67.25%
Ash

#b7b7b7 from 1374

RGB 183, 183, 183 HSL 0.0°, 0.00%, 71.76%
Aubergene

#614051 from 1895

RGB 97, 64, 81 HSL 329.1°, 20.50%, 31.57%
Azure

#007fff from 1374

RGB 0, 127, 255 HSL 210.1°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Baby blue

#89cff0 from 1892

RGB 137, 207, 240 HSL 199.2°, 25.31%, 73.92%
Baby pink

#f4c2c2 from 1928

RGB 244, 194, 194 HSL 0.0°, 10.87%, 85.88%
Beige

#ede8d0 from 1887

RGB 237, 232, 208 HSL 49.7°, 6.03%, 87.25%
Bistre

#3d2b1f from 1727

RGB 61, 43, 31 HSL 24.0°, 32.61%, 18.04%
Black

#000000 ancient

RGB 0, 0, 0 HSL 0.0°, 0.00%, 0.00%
Blood

#780606 ancient

RGB 120, 6, 6 HSL 0.0°, 90.48%, 24.71%
Blue

#000f9f ancient

RGB 0, 15, 159 HSL 234.3°, 100.00%, 31.18%
Blush

#de5d83 from 1590

RGB 222, 93, 131 HSL 342.3°, 33.86%, 61.76%
Bone

#e3dac9 from c. 1800

RGB 227, 218, 201 HSL 39.2°, 5.37%, 83.92%
Bottle green

#006a4e from 1816

RGB 0, 106, 78 HSL 164.2°, 100.00%, 20.78%
Brick

#c04657 from 1785

RGB 192, 70, 87 HSL 351.6°, 31.44%, 51.37%
Bronze

#ce8946 from 1753

RGB 206, 137, 70 HSL 29.6°, 36.36%, 54.12%
Brown

#895129 from c. 1000

RGB 137, 81, 41 HSL 25.0°, 53.93%, 34.90%
Bubblegum

#f58092 from 1975

RGB 245, 128, 146 HSL 350.8°, 29.77%, 73.14%
Buff

#e0ab76 from 1686

RGB 224, 171, 118 HSL 30.0°, 26.24%, 67.06%
Burgundy

#660033 from 1881

RGB 102, 0, 51 HSL 330.0°, 100.00%, 20.00%
Burnt orange

#be5103 from 1915

RGB 190, 81, 3 HSL 25.0°, 96.89%, 37.84%
Burnt sienna

#623034 from 1853

RGB 98, 48, 52 HSL 355.2°, 34.25%, 28.63%
Burnt umber

#8a3324 from 1650

RGB 138, 51, 36 HSL 8.8°, 58.62%, 34.12%
Buttercup

#f8b017 from 1830

RGB 248, 176, 23 HSL 40.8°, 78.95%, 53.14%
Byzantium

#702963 from 1926

RGB 112, 41, 99 HSL 311.0°, 46.41%, 30.00%
Cadet blue

#5f9ea0 from 1915

RGB 95, 158, 160 HSL 181.8°, 14.61%, 50.00%
Camel

#c19a6b from 1916

RGB 193, 154, 107 HSL 32.8°, 20.28%, 58.82%
Canary

#f9e200 from 1789

RGB 249, 226, 0 HSL 54.5°, 100.00%, 48.82%
Candy apple red

#ff0800 from 1966

RGB 255, 8, 0 HSL 1.9°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Capri

#00bfff from 1920

RGB 0, 191, 255 HSL 195.1°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Caramel

#bc7a3d from 1906

RGB 188, 122, 61 HSL 28.8°, 51.00%, 48.82%
Cardinal

#c41e3a from 1698

RGB 196, 30, 58 HSL 349.9°, 73.45%, 44.31%
Carmine

#960018 from 1523

RGB 150, 0, 24 HSL 350.4°, 100.00%, 29.41%
Carnation

#ffa6c9 from 1535

RGB 255, 166, 201 HSL 336.4°, 21.14%, 82.55%
Celadon

#ace1af from 1627

RGB 172, 225, 175 HSL 123.4°, 11.60%, 77.84%
Celeste

#b2ffff from 1535

RGB 178, 255, 255 HSL 180.0°, 17.78%, 84.90%
Cerise

#de3163 from 1845

RGB 222, 49, 99 HSL 342.7°, 51.34%, 53.14%
Cerulean

#007ba7 from 1590

RGB 0, 123, 167 HSL 195.8°, 100.00%, 32.75%
Champagne

#f7e7ce from 1915

RGB 247, 231, 206 HSL 36.6°, 8.74%, 88.82%
Charcoal

#36454f from 1606

RGB 54, 69, 79 HSL 204.0°, 18.80%, 26.08%
Chartreuse

#dfff00 from 1764

RGB 223, 255, 0 HSL 67.5°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Cherry

#d20a2e from c. 1600

RGB 210, 10, 46 HSL 349.2°, 90.91%, 43.14%
Chestnut

#954535 from 1555

RGB 149, 69, 53 HSL 10.0°, 47.52%, 39.61%
Chocolate

#7b3f00 from 1737

RGB 123, 63, 0 HSL 30.7°, 100.00%, 24.12%
Cinerous

#98817b from 1661

RGB 152, 129, 123 HSL 12.4°, 6.03%, 53.92%
Cinnabar

#e44d2e from c. 1382

RGB 228, 77, 46 HSL 10.2°, 55.49%, 53.73%
Citrine

#e4d00a from 1386

RGB 228, 208, 10 HSL 54.5°, 91.60%, 46.67%
Claret

#7f1734 from 1547

RGB 127, 23, 52 HSL 343.3°, 69.33%, 29.41%
Cobalt

#0047ab from 1777

RGB 0, 71, 171 HSL 215.1°, 100.00%, 33.53%
Coffee

#6f4e37 from 1695

RGB 111, 78, 55 HSL 24.6°, 33.73%, 32.55%
Copper

#c68346 from 1594

RGB 198, 131, 70 HSL 28.6°, 33.51%, 52.55%
Coral

#ff7f50 from 1513

RGB 255, 127, 80 HSL 16.1°, 52.24%, 65.69%
Cordovan

#893f45 from 1925

RGB 137, 63, 69 HSL 355.1°, 37.00%, 39.22%
Cream

#fdfbd4 from 1590

RGB 253, 251, 212 HSL 57.1°, 8.74%, 91.18%
Crimson

#dc143c from c. 1400

RGB 220, 20, 60 HSL 348.0°, 83.33%, 47.06%
Cyan

#00ffff from 1879

RGB 0, 255, 255 HSL 180.0°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Ebony

#313337 from 1590

RGB 49, 51, 55 HSL 220.0°, 5.77%, 20.39%
Ecru

#e0cd95 from 1836

RGB 224, 205, 149 HSL 44.8°, 17.24%, 73.14%
Eggshell

#f0ead6 from c.1930

RGB 240, 234, 214 HSL 46.2°, 5.37%, 89.02%
Eigengrau

#16161d from 1905

RGB 22, 22, 29 HSL 240.0°, 13.73%, 10.00%
Electric blue

#2323ff from 1884

RGB 35, 35, 255 HSL 240.0°, 75.86%, 56.86%
Emerald

#50c878 from 1598

RGB 80, 200, 120 HSL 140.0°, 30.77%, 54.90%
Eucalyptus

#5f8575 from 1946

RGB 95, 133, 117 HSL 154.7°, 16.67%, 44.71%
Fawn

#e5aa70 from 1789

RGB 229, 170, 112 HSL 29.7°, 29.77%, 66.86%
Flamingo

#fc8eac from 1897

RGB 252, 142, 172 HSL 343.6°, 27.50%, 77.25%
Forest green

#228b22 from 1810

RGB 34, 139, 34 HSL 120.0°, 60.69%, 33.92%
Fuchsia

#c154c1 from 1892

RGB 193, 84, 193 HSL 300.0°, 27.18%, 54.31%
Gamboge

#e49b0f from 1634

RGB 228, 155, 15 HSL 39.4°, 87.65%, 47.65%
Garnet

#733635 from c. 1350

RGB 115, 54, 53 HSL 1.0°, 36.90%, 32.94%
Ginger

#b06500 from 1548

RGB 176, 101, 0 HSL 34.4°, 100.00%, 34.51%
Glaucous

#6082b6 from 1671

RGB 96, 130, 182 HSL 216.3°, 20.28%, 54.51%
Gold

#ffd700 from 1423

RGB 255, 215, 0 HSL 50.6°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Goldenrod

#daa520 from 1915

RGB 218, 165, 32 HSL 42.9°, 74.40%, 49.02%
Grape

#6f2da8 from 1894

RGB 111, 45, 168 HSL 272.2°, 57.75%, 41.76%
Graphite

#333a40 from 1789

RGB 51, 58, 64 HSL 207.7°, 11.30%, 22.55%
Green

#00a550 from c.700

RGB 0, 165, 80 HSL 149.1°, 100.00%, 32.35%
Greige

#b0a999 from 1975

RGB 176, 169, 153 HSL 41.7°, 4.72%, 64.51%
Grey

#898989 from c. 700

RGB 137, 137, 137 HSL 0.0°, 0.00%, 53.73%
Gunmetal

#2a3439 from 1905

RGB 42, 52, 57 HSL 200.0°, 15.15%, 19.41%
Hot pink

#ff46a2 from 1910

RGB 255, 70, 162 HSL 330.2°, 56.92%, 63.73%
Hunter green

#2c5f34 from 1892

RGB 44, 95, 52 HSL 129.4°, 36.69%, 27.25%
Indigo

#4b0082 from 1289

RGB 75, 0, 130 HSL 274.6°, 100.00%, 25.49%
Iris

#5a4fcf from 1916

RGB 90, 79, 207 HSL 245.2°, 33.51%, 56.08%
Ivory

#ffffe3 from 1385

RGB 255, 255, 227 HSL 60.0°, 5.81%, 94.51%
Jade

#00a86b from 1892

RGB 0, 168, 107 HSL 158.2°, 100.00%, 32.94%
Jet

#343434 from 1450

RGB 52, 52, 52 HSL 0.0°, 0.00%, 20.39%
Khaki

#d5c58a from 1848

RGB 213, 197, 138 HSL 47.2°, 17.24%, 68.82%
Lavender

#b57edc from 1705

RGB 181, 126, 220 HSL 275.1°, 22.60%, 67.84%
Lemon

#fffb53 from 1598

RGB 255, 251, 83 HSL 58.6°, 50.89%, 66.27%
Lilac

#c8a2C8 from 1775

RGB 200, 162, 200 HSL 300.0°, 8.05%, 70.98%
Lime

#7af50b from 1890

RGB 122, 245, 11 HSL 91.5°, 84.78%, 50.20%
Magenta

#ff0090 from 1859

RGB 255, 0, 144 HSL 326.1°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Mahogany

#c04000 from 1737

RGB 192, 64, 0 HSL 20.0°, 100.00%, 37.65%
Malachite

#0bda51 from c. 1200

RGB 11, 218, 81 HSL 140.3°, 90.39%, 44.90%
Mango

#fdbe02 from 1891

RGB 253, 190, 2 HSL 44.9°, 96.91%, 50.00%
Marengo

#4c5866 from 1800

RGB 76, 88, 102 HSL 212.3°, 14.61%, 34.90%
Marigold

#eaa221 from 1914

RGB 234, 162, 33 HSL 38.5°, 65.05%, 52.35%
Maroon

#800000 from 1789

RGB 128, 0, 0 HSL 0.0°, 100.00%, 25.10%
Mauve

#e0afff from 1796

RGB 224, 175, 255 HSL 276.8°, 18.60%, 84.31%
Midnight

#272757 from 1915

RGB 39, 39, 87 HSL 240.0°, 38.10%, 24.71%
Mint

#adebb3 from 1920

RGB 173, 235, 179 HSL 125.8°, 13.84%, 80.00%
Moss

#7e8c54 from 1884

RGB 126, 140, 84 HSL 75.0°, 25.00%, 43.92%
Mountbatten pink

#997a8d from 1940

RGB 153, 122, 141 HSL 323.2°, 6.47%, 53.92%
Mulberry

#c54b8c from 1776

RGB 197, 75, 140 HSL 328.0°, 31.44%, 53.33%
Mustard

#e1ad01 from 1886

RGB 225, 173, 118 HSL 46.1°, 99.12%, 44.31%
Navy

#091f92 from 1780

RGB 9, 31, 146 HSL 230.4°, 88.39%, 30.39%
Oat

#f2e4c3 from 1984

RGB 242, 228, 195 HSL 42.1°, 10.15%, 85.69%
Obsidian

#0d031b ancient

RGB 13, 3, 27 HSL 265.0°, 80.00%, 5.88%
Ochre

#c75b12 from 1780

RGB 199, 91, 18 HSL 24.2°, 83.41%, 42.55%
Off-white

#f2f0ef from 1925

RGB 242, 240, 239 HSL 20.0°, 0.59%, 94.31%
Olive

#636b2f from c.1400

RGB 99, 107, 47 HSL 68.0°, 38.96%, 30.20%
Onyx

#353839 from 1848

RGB 53, 56, 57 HSL 195.0°, 3.64%, 21.57%
Orange

#ff7538 from 1502

RGB 255, 117, 56 HSL 18.4°, 63.99%, 60.98%
Orchid

#ed80e9 from 1915

RGB 237, 128, 233 HSL 302.2°, 27.18%, 71.57%
Oxblood

#4a0000 from 1695

RGB 74, 0, 0 HSL 0.0°, 100.00%, 14.51%
Parchment

#f1e9d2 from 1880

RGB 241, 233, 210 HSL 44.5°, 6.47%, 88.43%
Peach

#ffd3ac from 1588

RGB 255, 211, 172 HSL 28.2°, 19.44%, 83.73%
Periwinkle

#ccccff from 1922

RGB 204, 204, 255 HSL 240.0°, 11.11%, 90.00%
Pewter

#909eae from c. 1300

RGB 144, 158, 174 HSL 212.0°, 6.25%, 62.35%
Pine green

#01796f from 1923

RGB 1, 121, 111 HSL 175.0°, 98.36%, 23.92%
Pink

#ff8bc5 from c. 1681

RGB 255, 139, 197 HSL 330.0°, 29.44%, 77.25%
Pistachio

#84b067 from 1789

RGB 132, 176, 103 HSL 96.2°, 16.70%, 54.71%
Platinum

#e5e4e2 from 1918

RGB 229, 228, 226 HSL 40.0°, 0.59%, 89.22%
Plum

#8e4585 from 1805

RGB 142, 69, 133 HSL 307.4°, 34.60%, 41.37%
Powder blue

#9eb9d4 from 1774

RGB 158, 185, 212 HSL 210.0°, 11.84%, 72.55%
Prussian blue

#003153 from 1709

RGB 0, 49, 83 HSL 204.6°, 100.00%, 16.27%
Puce

#e491a6 from 1806

RGB 228, 145, 166 HSL 344.8°, 19.44%, 73.14%
Purple

#9d00ff from 975

RGB 157, 0, 255 HSL 276.9°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Raw sienna

#965434 from 1760

RGB 150, 84, 52 HSL 19.6°, 48.51%, 39.61%
Raw umber

#826644 from 1658

RGB 130, 102, 68 HSL 32.9°, 31.31%, 38.82%
Red

#ed2839 ancient

RGB 237, 40, 57 HSL 354.8°, 62.94%, 54.31%
Robin egg blue

#96ded1 from 1873

RGB 150, 222, 209 HSL 169.2°, 16.44%, 72.94%
Rose

#ff1d8d from 1382

RGB 255, 29, 141 HSL 330.3°, 79.58%, 55.69%
Royal blue

#305cde from c. 500

RGB 48, 92, 222 HSL 224.8°, 51.79%, 52.94%
Ruby

#e0115f from 1572

RGB 224, 17, 95 HSL 337.4°, 85.89%, 47.25%
Russet

#80461b from 1562

RGB 128, 70, 27 HSL 25.5°, 65.16%, 30.39%
Rust

#b7410e from 1692

RGB 183, 65, 14 HSL 18.1°, 85.79%, 38.63%
Sable

#6e403c from 1225

RGB 110, 64, 60 HSL 4.8°, 29.41%, 33.33%
Safety orange

#ff7900 from 1950

RGB 255, 121, 0 HSL 28.5°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Saffron

#f1c338 from 1200

RGB 241, 195, 56 HSL 45.1°, 56.92%, 58.24%
Sage

#bbb791 from c. 1600

RGB 187, 183, 145 HSL 54.3°, 8.97%, 65.10%
Salmon

#ff7e70 from 1776

RGB 255, 126, 112 HSL 5.9°, 38.96%, 71.96%
Sand

#c2b280 from 1627

RGB 194, 178, 128 HSL 45.5°, 14.86%, 63.14%
Sapphire

#0f52ba from 1430

RGB 15, 82, 186 HSL 216.5°, 85.07%, 39.41%
Scarlet

#ff2400 from 1250

RGB 255, 36, 0 HSL 8.5°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Sea green

#2e8b57 from 1598

RGB 46, 139, 87 HSL 146.5°, 50.27%, 36.27%
Sepia

#704214 from c. 1800

RGB 112, 66, 20 HSL 30.0°, 69.70%, 25.88%
Shamrock

#009e60 from c. 1820

RGB 0, 158, 96 HSL 156.5°, 100.00%, 30.98%
Sienna

#882d17 from 1760

RGB 136, 45, 23 HSL 11.7°, 71.07%, 31.18%
Silver

#c4c4c4 from 1481

RGB 196, 196, 196 HSL 0.0°, 0.00%, 76.86%
Sky

#87ceeb from 1681

RGB 135, 206, 235 HSL 197.4°, 24.39%, 72.55%
Slate

#708090 from 1705

RGB 112, 128, 144 HSL 210.0°, 6.69%, 50.20%
Smoke

#bfc8c3 from 1594

RGB 191, 200, 195 HSL 146.7°, 1.80%, 76.67%
Snow

#fffafa from 1000

RGB 255, 250, 250 HSL 0.0°, 0.99%, 99.02%
Spring green

#a7fc00 from 1766

RGB 167, 252, 0 HSL 80.2°, 100.00%, 49.41%
Steel

#9d9fb1 from 1817

RGB 157, 159, 177 HSL 234.0°, 4.08%, 65.49%
Steel blue

#4682b4 from 1817

RGB 70, 130, 180 HSL 207.3°, 44.00%, 49.02%
Stone

#b1a69b from 1551

RGB 177, 166, 155 HSL 30.0°, 4.51%, 65.10%
Tan

#d2b48c from 1590

RGB 210, 180, 140 HSL 34.3°, 15.91%, 68.63%
Tangerine

#f28500 from 1899

RGB 242, 133, 0 HSL 33.0°, 100.00%, 47.45%
Taupe

#483c32 from 1846

RGB 72, 60, 50 HSL 27.3°, 18.03%, 23.92%
Tawny

#cd5700 from 1460

RGB 205, 87, 0 HSL 25.5°, 100.00%, 40.20%
Teal

#069494 from 1917

RGB 6, 148, 148 HSL 180.0°, 92.21%, 30.20%
Terracotta

#e35336 from 1782

RGB 227, 83, 54 HSL 10.1°, 51.34%, 55.10%
Thistle

#d8bfd8 from 1892

RGB 216, 191, 216 HSL 300.0°, 5.15%, 79.80%
Turquoise

#40e0d0 from 1573

RGB 64, 224, 208 HSL 174.0°, 45.71%, 56.47%
Tyrian

#66023c from c. 1598

RGB 102, 2, 60 HSL 325.2°, 96.15%, 20.39%
Ultramarine

#120a8f from 1598

RGB 18, 10, 143 HSL 243.6°, 86.93%, 30.00%
Umber

#635147 from c. 1600

RGB 99, 81, 71 HSL 21.4°, 16.47%, 33.33%
Verdigris

#43b3ae from 1312

RGB 67, 179, 174 HSL 177.3°, 45.53%, 48.24%
Vermillion

#e34234 from 1289

RGB 227, 66, 52 HSL 4.8°, 52.24%, 54.71%
Violet

#7f00ff from 1370

RGB 127, 0, 255 HSL 269.9°, 100.00%, 50.00%
Viridian

#40826d from c. 1860

RGB 64, 130, 109 HSL 160.9°, 34.02%, 38.04%
Walnut

#5c5248 from 1706

RGB 92, 82, 72 HSL 30.0°, 12.20%, 32.16%
White

#ffffff ancient

RGB 255, 255, 255 HSL 0.0°, 0.00%, 100.00%
Wine

#800032 from 1705

RGB 128, 0, 50 HSL 336.6°, 100.00%, 25.10%
Xanthous

#f1b42f from c. 1820

RGB 241, 180, 47 HSL 41.1°, 61.39%, 56.47%
Yellow

#fedf00 from c. 700

RGB 254, 223, 0 HSL 52.7°, 100.00%, 49.80%
Zaffre

#0014a8 from c. 1550

RGB 0, 20, 168 HSL 232.9°, 100.00%, 32.94%

Rules and constraints

One name, one colour: Each colour name maps to a single, fixed hex value. Names are not reused, aliased, or shared across multiple colours.
One colour, one name: No two entries represent the same or perceptually identical colour. Near-duplicates are intentionally excluded, even if historically attested.
Distinct by perception, not maths: Colours must be visually distinguishable to a typical viewer under normal conditions. Numeric separation alone is insufficient justification for inclusion.
Names must be established or defensible: Colour names are drawn from historical usage, material pigments, cultural convention, or long-standing descriptive practice. Coined names are avoided unless necessary to preserve clarity or distinctness.
Historical metadata is descriptive, not authoritative: Recorded years indicate earliest known usage as a colour term. They do not imply invention, exclusivity, or universal adoption.
No dependency on web colour standards: The list does not conform to, derive from, or attempt compatibility with CSS colour keywords, system palettes, or accessibility-driven contrast schemes.
Digital representation is a compromise: Hex values are practical approximations. They represent intent, not a claim of absolute accuracy across devices, colour spaces, or lighting conditions.
Categories are organisational, not normative: Family groupings and sort orders exist to aid navigation. They do not imply hierarchy, primacy, or correctness.
The list is finite by design: This is a curated reference, not an exhaustive catalogue. Absence is intentional and should not be read as oversight.